In 2024, India emerged as a global leader across multiple sectors, showcasing remarkable growth and innovation. The pharmaceutical industry saw exports soar from over USD 15 billion to USD 28 billion over the decade ending FY24, driven by initiatives like the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) and Bulk Drug Parks. Biotechnology expanded 13-fold, reaching USD 130 billion in 2024, with breakthroughs such as the indigenous antibiotic Nafithromycin and the CAR-T cell therapy NexCAR19. The defense sector achieved indigenous production records, with successful tests of advanced missile systems like Agni-5 and K-4. Nuclear power capacity doubled to 8,180 MW, with plans to triple by 2031-32. The space sector set unprecedented milestones, including approvals for the Venus Orbiter Mission and Chandrayaan-4, and private sector innovations from companies like Skyroot Aerospace and Agnikul Cosmos. Infrastructure advancements featured the completion of India's first Hyperloop test track and the pilot of GNSS-enabled electronic tolling. In emerging technologies, India advanced quantum communication through the National Quantum Mission, launched the multimodal AI project BharatGen focusing on Indian languages, and introduced the national blockchain stack Vishvasya for secure digital platforms.
