डकन का पठार दरारी उद्गार से निकले बेसाल्टिक लावा से निर्मित हुआ।

Uncover the geological origins of the Deccan Plateau, a vast igneous province in India. Learn how this massive landform was primarily constructed from extensive flows of basaltic lava, erupted through linear fissure vents during periods of intense crustal rifting. Understand the formation of the famous Deccan Traps and their significant impact on the region's geology.

akashkumar19709
@akashkumar19709
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उत्तर: दरारी उद्गार (Fissure Eruption)

क्यों:

  • डकन का लावा धरती की दरारों से बहा,
  • यह फ्लड बेसाल्ट के रूप में विशाल पठार बन गया।
  • केंद्रीय शिखर या विस्फोटक उद्गार से नहीं।

ज्वालामुखी उद्गार के प्रकार और उदाहरण

  1. दरारी उद्गार (Fissure Eruption)
  • लावा धरती की दरारों से बहता है
  • विस्फोट कम होता है
  • उदाहरण: डकन पठार (Deccan Traps, India), Columbia Plateau (USA)
  1. मुट उद्गार (Explosive Eruption)
  • विस्फोटक; आग्नेय पदार्थ, राख और गैसें बाहर निकलती हैं
  • उदाहरण: Mount St. Helens (USA), Krakatoa (Indonesia)
  1. सुसुप्त / जलमग्न उद्गार (Submarine / Subaqueous Eruption)
  • समुद्र या पानी के नीचे होता है
  • लावा जल्दी ठंडा होकर बेसाल्ट बनता है
  • उदाहरण: Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Loihi Seamount (Hawaii)
  1. केंद्रीय उद्गार (Central / Cone Eruption)
  • ज्वालामुखी के शिखर या केंद्र से लावा निकलता है
  • शंक्वाकार पर्वत बनता है
  • उदाहरण: Mount Fuji (Japan), Mount Vesuvius (Italy)

Questions Asked

How was the Deccan Plateau formed?
The Deccan Plateau was formed by massive outpourings of basaltic lava from long, linear cracks (fissure eruptions) in the Earth's crust, not from typical cone volcanoes. These extensive, fluid lava flows built up the plateau layer by layer over millions of years.
What type of rock is the Deccan Plateau primarily made of?
The Deccan Plateau is primarily composed of basalt, a dark, fine-grained volcanic rock rich in iron and magnesium. This basaltic lava formed the extensive rock layers known as the Deccan Traps.
What are 'fissure eruptions' in the context of the Deccan Plateau?
Fissure eruptions refer to volcanic activity where lava erupts from elongated cracks or vents in the Earth's crust, rather than a single central crater. In the case of the Deccan Plateau, these widespread fissures released vast quantities of highly fluid basaltic lava, covering enormous areas.
When did the Deccan Plateau form?
The main phase of the Deccan Plateau's formation occurred roughly 60 to 68 million years ago, primarily around the end of the Cretaceous period. This period of intense volcanic activity is known as the Deccan Volcanism.
Is the Deccan Plateau the same as the Deccan Traps?
The terms are closely related and often used interchangeably. 'Deccan Plateau' refers to the geographical region, while 'Deccan Traps' specifically refers to the immense, stepped layers of basaltic lava flows that constitute the majority of the plateau's geological structure, named for the Swedish word 'trapp' meaning stairs.

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